- Rev - COGS = Gross Profit
- Gross Profit - SG&A = EBITDA

Blue: Inputs / Hardcodes (Universal Standard)
- Meaning: These cells contain raw numbers typed manually (e.g.,
100,5.0%). - The Rule: "Change me." These are the only cells a user should interact with to run scenarios.
- Why: If a cell is blue, you know it’s safe to overwrite it without breaking a formula elsewhere in the model.
2. Black: Formulas / Calculations (Universal Standard)
- Meaning: These cells contain equations (e.g.,
=A1+B1orSUM(A1:A10)). - The Rule: "Don't touch." Changing a black cell destroys the logic of the model.
- Why: It signals that the number is a result, not an assumption.
3. Purple: The "Mixed" or "Special" Case (Common Variation)
- Meaning: Your image defines this as a "Mix of Historical (inputs) and projected data." This is a sophisticated variation used when a single row acts as both.
- Scenario: Imagine a row for "Revenue."
- 2023 (Past): Hardcoded (Actual data).
- 2024 (Future): Formula (Growth rate assumption).
- Since the row contains both types, coloring the font purple signals: "Be careful; some of this is real data, some is calculated."
- Note: In other conventions, Green is often used here instead to denote links to other worksheets, or Red to denote links to external files.
Using our 1st Financial Model